Grupos étnicos

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3

Demographic diversity and change in the Central American Isthmus
(RAND, 1997) Pebley, Anne R.; Rosero Bixby, Luis
The chapters in this volume were originally presented at the International Conference on the Population of the Central American Isthmus, organized by the Central American Population Program (PCP) at the University of Costa Rica in collaboration with colleagues at RAND. Both the papers at the conference and the subset that are included in this volume represent research in a broad range of disciplines including demography, public health, anthropology, history, sociology, human ecology, and economics. The conference played an important role in bringing together an international group of researchers working on related issues in the region. The objective of this volume is to provide, in one central location, a collection of recent research on demographic, social, and environmental issues in the Central American Isthmus for English-speaking readers, both those who are not familiar with the region and those who know it well. For Spanish-speakers, the same collection of papers has been independently published as De los Mayas a la planificación familiar: DemografÍa del Istmo (L. Rosero Bixby, A. Pebley, and A. Bermúdez Méndez, editors) by the Editorial de la Universidad de Costa Rica. This book is the first English-language collection of recent research on demographic, social, and environmental issues in Central America. The region's experience with ethnic and cultural identity provides food for thought for scholars concerned with the meaning of ethnicity and the consequences of cultural change. Countries in the region also have grapppled with the complex issues of promoting economic growth and reducing poverty while avoiding environmental destruction. The chapters in this volume provide important and often novel insights into these and many other demographic, social, and policy issues in the Central American Isthmus. For the first time in the English language, Central America's rich demographic history comes into focus in this volume. Editors Anne R. Pebley and Luis Rosero-Bixby provide the first and only English translations of works originally presented at the International Conference on the Population of the Central American Isthmus. The chapters in this volume offer insights on a broad range of subjects, including estimates of the indigenous population, differences in education and earnings, trends in fertility and maternal and child health, migration, the environment, and many other demographic, social, and policy issues in the region.
La población indígena de America Central hacia 1900
(Anuario de estudios centroamericanos, Vol.15, fasc.2, 1989) Baires Martínez, Yolanda
Se presenta una discusión de las fuentes disponibles y se proporcionan estimaciones sobre la población indígena de América Central hada 1900. Guatemala resulta ser el país con mayor proporción de población indígena (65%), mientras que Honduras, El Salvador y Nicaragua ocupan una posición intermedia (entre 20 y 30% sobre la población total. Panamá con un 14% y Costa Rica con un 1% se sitúa con un peso relativo todavía menor. En términos absolutos, de casi 4 millones de habitantes hacía 1900, puede decirse que cerca de 1.5 millones eran indígenas.
Mortalidad adulta entre poblaciones indígenas y no indígenas de Guatemala y Bolivia
(Notas de Población, No. 64, 1997) Robles Soto, Arodys
En los países latinoamericanos con alta proporción de población indígena existen diferencias notables entre los niveles de mortalidad de esta población y los de la población no indígena. Estas diferencias siempre Han sido documentadas a partir de estimaciones de mortalidad en la niñez. El método de orfandad materna usado en este estudio permite examinar las diferencias en la mortalidad femenina adulta entre poblaciones indígenas y no indígenas de Guatemala y Bolivia, Una variante del método permite, además, obtener estimaciones para un momento específico entre dos encuestas y censos y evaluar la consistencia de las estimaciones. Los resultados muestran que en ambos países la mortalidad femenina adulta es mayor en la población indígena. La comparación con niveles de mortalidad infantil revela que existen diferencias en los patrones de mortalidad entre los grupos étnicos. En Guatemala, donde las estimaciones resultaron más consistentes, la comparación a través del tiempo revela que la mortalidad infantil ha descendido más rápidamente que la mortalidadadulta. En consecuencia, las diferencias entre grupos étnicos son mayores para la mortalidad adulta. En Bolivia las estimaciones no guardan la misma consistencia. En el período 1980-1988 las diferencias entre los distintos grupos étnicos en el ritmo de disminución de la mortalidad resultaron en menores diferencias en la mortalidad infantil pero no en la mortalidad adulta. En cuanto al método de orfandad materna, los resultados -sin ser enteramente consistentes- son de utilidad para proveer información sobre diferenciales en la mortalidad adulta en países sin otra fuente disponible. Además, la variante usada permite obtener una única estimación para un momento determinado. In al1 Latin Arnerican countries with a high proportion of indigenous people, considerable differences in mortality exist between indigenous and non-indigenous populations. These differences are well documented for levels of infant and child mortality. Use of the maternal orphanhood method permits comparison of adult female mortality levels between indigenous and non-indigenous populations. A variant of the method provides estimates for a specific moment between two surveys or censuses and enables assesment of the consistency of the different estimates. Results show that in both countries adult female mortality is higher for the indigenous population. Comparison with infant mortality levels reveals differences in the mortality patterns between the two ethnic groups. In Guatemala -where estimates are more consistent-comparisons across time reveal a more rapid descent for infant than for adult mortality. As a consequence, differences in levels of adult mortality between indigenous and non-indigenous populations are higher than differences in infant mortality. in Bolivia estimates are not as consistent as in Guatemala. During 1980-1988, differences behveen the two ethnic groups in the decline of mortality resulted in smaller differences in infant mortality than in adult mortality. Although not all the results obtained from the maternal orphanhhod method are consistent, it proves useful for obtaining estimates of adult mortality differentials when no other information is available.

Grupos étnicos

Browse

Filters

Settings

Sort By

Results per page

Search Results