Autoeficacia en las personas adultas trabajadoras con enfermedades cardiovasculares crónicas de la Universidad Nacional, en el 2019
Files
Date
2020
item.page.contributor-advisor
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
item.page.description-pages
Abstract
Introducción: Las enfermedades cardiovasculares crónicas causan millones de muertes cada año a nivel mundial. En Costa Rica estas enfermedades son las principales causas de morbimortalidad, afectando a gran parte de la población, entre ellas a las y los trabajadores. Una herramienta cognitiva que podría influir en la adopción de comportamientos de salud es la autoeficacia, considerada como los juicios que poseen las personas con relación a sus capacidades para alcanzar niveles determinados de rendimiento. Existe aún un vacio en el conocimiento nacional acerca del nivel de autoeficacia en personas trabajadoras con enfermedad cardiovascular crónica. Objetivo: Analizar la autoeficacia en las personas adultas trabajadoras con enfermedades cardiovasculares crónicas de la Universidad Nacional (UNA) mediante el uso de teorías y marcos conceptuales de autogestión (Lorig) y autoeficacia (Bandura). Metodología: La modalidad utilizada fue seminario de graduación y se dividió en dos fases, una investigativa y otra reflexiva. La fase investigativa posee un diseño cuantitativo descriptivo y transversal, la muestra consistió en 69 personas funcionarios(as) de la UNA. Para la recolección de datos se utilizó la Escala de Autoeficacia para Personas con Enfermedades Crónicas (4 y 6 ítems) y un cuestionario de datos sociodemográficos. El análisis de los datos fue de tipo estadístico descriptivo. Para la fase reflexiva se realizaron un taller con el grupo de personas con enfermedades crónicas UNA y dos foros con el Departamento de Salud UNA y doctores académicos UCR. Resultados: La muestra en su mayoría fueron mujeres con un rango de edad de 50-59 años y con diagnóstico principalmente de hipertensión arterial, diabetes y dislipidemias. La autoeficacia para el manejo de las enfermedades crónicas obtuvo un promedio de 7,68 y 7,62 (del 1 al 10) en la escala de 6 y 4 ítems respectivamente. Las puntuaciones a los ítems individuales...
Inglés: Introduction: Chronic cardiovascular diseases cause millions of deaths each year globally. In Costa Rica these diseases are main causes of morbidity and mortality, affecting large populations, including workers. A cognitive tool that could be influencing the adoption of health behaviors is self-efficacy, defined as the judgments people have regarding their abilities to achieve certain levels of performance. There is still a lack of knowledge, at the national level, about self- efficacy in workers with chronic cardiovascular disease. Objective: To analyze self-efficacy in working adults with chronic cardiovascular diseases from the National University (UNA), through the use of x theoretical and conceptual frameworks of self-management (Lorig) and self- efficacy (Bandura). Methodology: The modality used was graduation seminary, it was divided into two phases: research and reflective phases. The research phase has a descriptive and cross-sectional quantitative design and a sample of 69 UNA staff. The Self- Efficacy Scale for People with Chronic Diseases (4 and 6 items) and a sociodemographic data questionnaire were used for data collection. The analysis of the data was descriptive statistical type. For the reflective phase, a workshop was held with a group of people with chronic diseases at UNA and two forums with the UNA Department of Health and UCR academic doctors. Results: The sample was mostly women with an age range of 50-59 years old and with diagnosis of hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemias. Self-efficacy for the management of chronic diseases scores averaged 7.68 and 7.62 (from 1 to 10) on the 6 and 4 items scales respectively. Scores to individual items ranged from 7.4 for self-efficacy to prevent other symptoms or health problems from interfering with what they want to do and 7.9 to do things (other than just taking medications) to reduce the effect of illness on their life. Women gained had the highest self-efficacy, while the age range...
Inglés: Introduction: Chronic cardiovascular diseases cause millions of deaths each year globally. In Costa Rica these diseases are main causes of morbidity and mortality, affecting large populations, including workers. A cognitive tool that could be influencing the adoption of health behaviors is self-efficacy, defined as the judgments people have regarding their abilities to achieve certain levels of performance. There is still a lack of knowledge, at the national level, about self- efficacy in workers with chronic cardiovascular disease. Objective: To analyze self-efficacy in working adults with chronic cardiovascular diseases from the National University (UNA), through the use of x theoretical and conceptual frameworks of self-management (Lorig) and self- efficacy (Bandura). Methodology: The modality used was graduation seminary, it was divided into two phases: research and reflective phases. The research phase has a descriptive and cross-sectional quantitative design and a sample of 69 UNA staff. The Self- Efficacy Scale for People with Chronic Diseases (4 and 6 items) and a sociodemographic data questionnaire were used for data collection. The analysis of the data was descriptive statistical type. For the reflective phase, a workshop was held with a group of people with chronic diseases at UNA and two forums with the UNA Department of Health and UCR academic doctors. Results: The sample was mostly women with an age range of 50-59 years old and with diagnosis of hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemias. Self-efficacy for the management of chronic diseases scores averaged 7.68 and 7.62 (from 1 to 10) on the 6 and 4 items scales respectively. Scores to individual items ranged from 7.4 for self-efficacy to prevent other symptoms or health problems from interfering with what they want to do and 7.9 to do things (other than just taking medications) to reduce the effect of illness on their life. Women gained had the highest self-efficacy, while the age range...
Description
Seminario de graduación (licenciatura en enfermería)--Universidad de Costa Rica. Facultad de Medicina. Escuela de Enfemería, 2020
Keywords
ATENCION AL ENFERMO, AUTOEFICACIA, SISTEMA CARDIOVASCULAR - ENFERMEDADES, Universidad Nacional (Costa Rica)